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Impact of resident participation in surgical operations on postoperative outcomes: National Surgical Quality Improvement Program

All Citations — 193 total

With PDF (170)
  1. JB Oliver, A Kunac, JL McFarlane, DJ Anjaria. Association between operative autonomy of surgical residents and patient outcomes. JAMA surgery. 2022. doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2021.6444 PMID:34935855.
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  2. S Taslimi, SB Brogly, W Li, J Rodger…. Effect of neurosurgical residency programs on neurosurgical patient outcomes in a single health care system: a cohort study. … Journal of Surgery. 2024. doi:10.1503/cjs.008522.
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  3. C Vinden, R Malthaner, J McGee…. Teaching surgery takes time: the impact of surgical education on time in the operating room. … Journal of Surgery. 2016. doi:10.1503/cjs.017515 PMID:27007088.
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  4. EL Barber, B Harris, PA Gehrig. Trainee participation and perioperative complications in benign hysterectomy: the effect of route of surgery. American Journal of Obstetrics and …. 2016. doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2016.02.022 PMID:26884272.
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  5. JY Cheng, K Tsay, J Sung, SI Beigelman…. Effect of resident involvement in ophthalmic surgery on patient outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. American Journal of …. 2023. doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2023.01.002.
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  6. JS Brady, MM Crippen, A Filimonov…. The effect of training level on complications after free flap surgery of the head and neck. American journal of …. 2017.
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  7. A Umer, D Shapiro, J Feeney…. Surgical Outcomes May Be Affected by the Type of Assistance in the Operating Room: A Pilot Using NSQIP: Abstract 18. American Journal of …. 2015.
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  8. J Golob, J He, J Koren, K Clancy…. Utilizing a TeamSTEPPS Daily Rounding Intervention Within a Surgical Intensive Care Unit to Initiate a Culture of Patient Safety: Abstract 19. American Journal of …. 2015.
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  9. N Ferrah, K Stephan, J Lovell, J Ibrahim…. Post‐operative Complications Following Emergency Operations Performed by Trainee Surgeons: A Retrospective Analysis of Surgical Deaths. World Journal of …. 2018. doi:10.1007/s00268-018-4465-5.
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  10. DT McMillan, AJ Viera, J Matthews, MC Raynor…. Resident involvement and experience do not affect perioperative complications following robotic prostatectomy. World journal of …. 2015. doi:10.1007/s00345-014-1356-8 PMID:24985554.
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  11. KS Kang, Q Orlando, R Maholic…. Excellent femoral outcomes when all access attempts and closure devices are performed by experienced cardiologists. World Journal of …. 2013. doi:10.4236/wjcd.2013.39089.
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  12. A Beletsky, Y Lu, BJ Manderle, BH Patel…. Quantifying the opportunity cost of resident involvement in academic orthopaedic sports medicine: a matched-pair analysis. … : The Journal of …. 2020. doi:10.1016/j.arthro.2019.09.032.
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  13. P Abdelmalek, KK Tan, CJ Young. Does experience meet expectations among general surgical trainees in Australia and New Zealand. Ann. Acad. Med. Singapore. 2014. doi:10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.v43n3p187.
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  14. AQA Teo, HPN Wong, SYY Tham, F Han…. Resident participation does not affect outcomes or complications after arthroscopic Bankart repair surgery. Knee Surgery …. 2025. doi:10.1002/ksa.12782.
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  15. S Löb, K Luetkens, K Krajinovic, A Wiegering…. Impact of surgical proficiency levels on postoperative morbidity: a single centre analysis of 558 ileostomy reversals. International Journal of …. 2018. doi:10.1007/s00384-018-3026-6.
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  16. AM El-Sharkawy, DLJ Morris, BS Grewal…. Daycase hernia surgery: a missed training opportunity. International Journal of …. 2013. doi:10.1016/j.ijsu.2013.02.016.
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  17. AA Hussein, AS Elsayed, NA Aldhaam, Z Jing…. A comparative propensity score‐matched analysis of perioperative outcomes of intracorporeal vs extracorporeal urinary diversion after robot‐assisted radical …. BJU …. 2020. doi:10.1111/bju.15083 PMID:32306494.
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  18. AA Hussein, PR May, YE Ahmed, M Saar…. Development of a patient and institutional‐based model for estimation of operative times for robot‐assisted radical cystectomy: results from the International Robotic …. BJU …. 2017. doi:10.1111/bju.13934.
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  19. E Zachwieja, M Yayac, BW Wills, Z Wilt…. Overlapping surgery increases operating room efficiency without adversely affecting outcomes in total hip and knee arthroplasty. The Journal of …. 2020. doi:10.1016/j.arth.2020.01.062 PMID:32081499.
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  20. AA Hussein, PR May, Z Jing, YE Ahmed…. Outcomes of intracorporeal urinary diversion after robot-assisted radical cystectomy: results from the International Robotic Cystectomy Consortium. The Journal of …. 2018. doi:10.1016/j.juro.2017.12.045 PMID:29275112.
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  21. CA Goldfarb, MG Rizzo, BL Rogalski, A Bansal, CJ Dy…. Complications following overlapping orthopaedic procedures at an ambulatory surgery center. JBJS. 2018. doi:10.2106/jbjs.18.00244 PMID:30562292.
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  22. AJ Casp, BM Patterson, SR Yarboro, JN Tennant. The effect of time during the academic year or resident training level on complication rates after lower-extremity orthopaedic trauma procedures. JBJS. 2018. doi:10.2106/jbjs.18.00279 PMID:30480596.
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  23. AL Zhang, DC Sing, DY Dang, CB Ma, D Black, TP Vail…. Overlapping surgery in the ambulatory orthopaedic setting. JBJS. 2016. doi:10.2106/jbjs.16.00248 PMID:27852902.
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  24. AI Edelstein, FC Lovecchio, S Saha, WK Hsu, JYS Kim. Impact of resident involvement on orthopaedic surgery outcomes: an analysis of 30,628 patients from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality …. JBJS. 2014. doi:10.2106/jbjs.m.00660.
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  25. TK Yuce, A Holmstrom, NJ Soper, AP Nagle…. Complications and readmissions associated with first assistant training level following elective bariatric surgery. Journal of …. 2021. doi:10.1007/s11605-020-04787-0 PMID:32930915.
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  26. JK Chan, AB Gardner, AK Mann, DS Kapp. Hospital-acquired conditions after surgery for gynecologic cancer—An analysis of 82,304 patients. Gynecologic Oncology. 2018. doi:10.1016/j.ygyno.2018.07.009 PMID:30037490.
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  27. DK Groves, MS Altieri, B Sullivan, J Yang…. The presence of an advanced gastrointestinal (GI)/minimally invasive surgery (MIS) fellowship program does not impact short-term patient outcomes following …. Journal of …. 2018. doi:10.1007/s11605-018-3704-2.
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  28. RA Carr, CW Chung, CM Schmidt II, A Jester…. Impact of fellow versus resident assistance on outcomes following pancreatoduodenectomy. Journal of …. 2017. doi:10.1007/s11605-017-3383-4 PMID:28194616.
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  29. BA Lieber, G Appelboom, BES Taylor, H Malone…. Assessment of the “July Effect”: outcomes after early resident transition in adult neurosurgery. Journal of …. 2016. doi:10.3171/2015.4.jns142149 PMID:26666349.
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  30. AA Watkins, LA Bliss, DB Cameron, JF Tseng…. Deconstructing the “July effect” in operative outcomes: a national study. Journal of …. 2016. doi:10.1007/s11605-016-3120-4 PMID:26932502.
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  31. S Ogiso, T Yamaguchi, Y Sakai…. Short-and mid-term outcomes after early surgical training in laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery: trainees' performance has no negative impact. Journal of …. 2014. doi:10.1089/lap.2014.0018 PMID:24919163.
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  32. ES Rosenfeld, MA Napolitano, AD Sparks…. Impact of trainee involvement on video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy for cancer. The Annals of Thoracic …. 2021. doi:10.1016/j.athoracsur.2020.12.005 PMID:33358890.
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  33. JP Fischer, EC Cleveland, EK Shang…. Complications following reduction mammaplasty: a review of 3538 cases from the 2005–2010 NSQIP data sets. Aesthetic Surgery …. 2014. doi:10.1177/1090820X13515676 PMID:24334499.
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  34. JC Suarez, AA Al-Mansoori, WJ Borroto…. The practice of overlapping surgery is safe in total knee and hip arthroplasty. JBJS Open …. 2018. doi:10.2106/JBJS.OA.18.00004 PMID:30533588.
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  35. AS Kulaylat, CS Hollenbeak…. Increased postoperative morbidity associated with prolonged laparoscopic colorectal resections is not increased by resident involvement. Diseases of the Colon & …. 2018. doi:10.1097/dcr.0000000000000934 PMID:29528909.
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  36. MA Valente, CP Delaney. The necessity and safety of resident involvement in laparoscopic colorectal surgery. Diseases of the Colon & Rectum. 2018. doi:10.1097/dcr.0000000000000933.
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  37. JC Iannuzzi, AS Rickles, AP Deeb…. Outcomes associated with resident involvement in partial colectomy. Diseases of the colon …. 2013. doi:10.1097/dcr.0b013e318276862f PMID:23303150.
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  38. S DiDato, A Farber, D Rybin, JA Kalish…. The effect of trainee involvement on perioperative outcomes of abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. Journal of Vascular …. 2016. doi:10.1016/j.jvs.2015.07.071 PMID:26365655.
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  39. S Lim, AT Parsa, BD Kim, JM Rosenow…. Impact of resident involvement in neurosurgery: an analysis of 8748 patients from the 2011 American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement …. Journal of neurosurgery. 2015. doi:10.3171/2014.11.JNS1494 PMID:25614947.
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  40. JC Iannuzzi, A Chandra, AS Rickles, NG Kumar…. Resident involvement is associated with worse outcomes after major lower extremity amputation. Journal of Vascular …. 2013. doi:10.1016/j.jvs.2013.04.046 PMID:23769943.
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  41. C Toale, M Morris, DO Kavanagh. Training to proficiency in surgery using simulation: is there a moral obligation?. Journal of medical ethics. 2023. doi:10.1136/medethics-2021-107678 PMID:34992083.
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  42. C Brenna, S Das. Imperfect by design: the problematic ethics of surgical training. Journal of medical ethics. 2021. doi:10.1136/medethics-2019-105837 PMID:31836623.
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  43. M Sippey, K Spaniolas, KR Kasten. Elucidating trainee effect on outcomes for general, gynecologic, and urologic oncology procedures. Journal of Investigative …. 2017. doi:10.1080/08941939.2016.1255805 PMID:27929699.
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  44. M Mzeihem, J A. Karam, J Hussain, J Koh…. Assessing resident participation and its effect on postoperative complications in intertrochanteric and femoral neck fractures: insights on orthopaedic residency training …. European Journal of …. 2025. doi:10.1007/s00590-025-04554-4 PMID:41071322.
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  45. S Tohmasi, DB Eaton Jr, TK Brocke…. Declining Operative Experience in Pulmonary Resections for Cancer Among Trainees at Veterans Affairs Hospitals: A Concerning Trend in Thoracic Surgical …. Journal of the …. 2023. doi:10.1097/xcs.0000000000001537.
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  46. CE Buckley, PF Wrafter, F Sheil, NM McInerney…. Impact of microsurgery skill acquisition on free flap ischaemia time and free flap outcomes. European Journal of …. 2021. doi:10.1007/s00238-021-01782-9.
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  47. JT Schweer, PA Neumann, P Doebler…. Crohn's disease as a possible risk factor for failed healing in ileocolic anastomoses. Journal of Clinical …. 2023. doi:10.3390/jcm12082805 PMID:37109142.
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  48. S Jafarian, E Akpek, CL Reinhard…. A qualitative analysis of clinical year veterinary student journal entries for a shelter medicine rotation. Frontiers in Veterinary …. 2022. doi:10.3389/fvets.2022.858419 PMID:35464351.
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  49. BE Rigby, K Malott, SJ Sample, SJ Hetzel…. Impact of the surgical environment on the incidence, timing, and severity of complications associated with oromaxillofacial oncologic surgery in dogs. Frontiers in Veterinary …. 2021. doi:10.3389/fvets.2021.760642 PMID:34977206.
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  50. ZA Abecassis, B Hopkins, P Win, K Yerneni…. Impact of medical student involvement on outcomes following spine surgery: A single center analysis of 6485 patients. Journal of Clinical …. 2019. doi:10.1016/j.jocn.2019.08.009.
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  51. JT Yamaguchi, RM Garcia, MB Cloney…. Impact of resident participation on outcomes following lumbar fusion: an analysis of 5655 patients from the ACS-NSQIP database. Journal of Clinical …. 2018. doi:10.1016/j.jocn.2018.06.030 PMID:29980475.
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  52. JC Bolger, MP Broe, MA Zarog, A Looney…. Initial experience with a dual-console robotic-assisted platform for training in colorectal surgery. Techniques in …. 2017. doi:10.1007/s10151-017-1687-8.
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  53. RT Pasam, IO Esemuede, SA Lee-Kong…. The minimally invasive approach is associated with reduced surgical site infections in obese patients undergoing proctectomy. Techniques in …. 2015. doi:10.1007/s10151-015-1356-8.
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  54. PN Hein, B Lieber, E Bruce, B Taylor…. Influence on morbidity and mortality of neoadjuvant radiation and chemotherapy among cranial malignancy patients in the postoperative setting. Journal of Clinical …. 2015. doi:10.1016/j.jocn.2015.01.005.
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  55. SA Hirji, S Singh, AK Okoh, A Malarczyk, ED Percy…. Debunking the July Effect in transcatheter interventions in structural heart disease: truth or myth?. Structural Heart. 2022. doi:10.1016/j.shj.2022.100001 PMID:37273471.
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  56. B Schneider, DJ Kennedy, E Casey, M Smuck…. Trainee involvement in transforaminal epidural steroid injections associated with increased incidence of vasovagal reactions. PM&R. 2014. doi:10.1016/j.pmrj.2014.04.003 PMID:24755514.
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  57. CM Tonelli, I Lorenzo, C Bunn, S Kulshrestha…. Does resident autonomy in colectomy procedures result in inferior clinical outcomes?. Surgery. 2022. doi:10.1016/j.surg.2021.09.036 PMID:34844760.
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  58. RE Simpson, KL Carpenter, CY Wang, CM Schmidt…. Is resident assistance equivalent to fellows during hepatectomy?. Surgical …. 2021. doi:10.1007/s00464-020-07388-9.
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  59. Y Yousef, E St-Louis, R Baird, ER Smith…. A systematic review of capacity assessment tools in pediatric surgery: Global Assessment in Pediatric Surgery (GAPS) Phase I. Journal of Pediatric …. 2019. doi:10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2018.11.005 PMID:30638893.
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  60. G Bonner, SMK Motamedi, RR Mustafa, M Abbas…. The educating enigma: Does training level impact postoperative outcome in bariatric surgery?. Surgery. 2018. doi:10.1016/j.surg.2018.07.004 PMID:30195403.
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  61. R Aggarwal. Entrustment, autonomy, and performance in the operating room. Surgery. 2015. doi:10.1016/j.surg.2015.07.025 PMID:26298031.
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  62. NR Changoor, G Ortega, M Ekladios, CK Zogg…. Racial disparities in surgical outcomes: Does the level of resident surgeon play a role?. Surgery. 2015. doi:10.1016/j.surg.2015.03.046 PMID:26003906.
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  63. S Khan, C Cipriano, JM Marks…. Porcine abdominal wall simulator for laparotomy incision and closure. Surgical …. 2015. doi:10.1177/1553350614556366 PMID:25377215.
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  64. NH Bhayani, LM Enomoto, BC James, G Ortenzi…. Multivisceral and extended resections during pancreatoduodenectomy increase morbidity and mortality. Surgery. 2014. doi:10.1016/j.surg.2013.12.020 PMID:24524390.
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  65. SW Ross, B Oommen, M Kim, AL Walters, JM Green…. A little slower, but just as good: postgraduate year resident versus attending outcomes in laparoscopic ventral hernia repair. Surgical …. 2014. doi:10.1007/s00464-014-3586-7.
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  66. E Gorgun, C Benlice, E Corrao, J Hammel, O Isik…. Outcomes associated with resident involvement in laparoscopic colorectal surgery suggest a need for earlier and more intensive resident training. Surgery. 2014. doi:10.1016/j.surg.2014.06.072 PMID:25239327.
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  67. AO Lidor, E Moran-Atkin, M Stem, TH Magnuson…. Hospital-acquired conditions after bariatric surgery: we can predict, but can we prevent?. Surgical …. 2014. doi:10.1007/s00464-014-3602-y.
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  68. R Monteiro, JS Mino, AE Siperstein. Trends and disparities in education between specialties in thyroid and parathyroid surgery: an analysis of 55,402 NSQIP patients. Surgery. 2013. doi:10.1016/j.surg.2013.06.038 PMID:24074408.
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  69. JRT Monson, FJ Fleming, JC Iannuzzi. Colorectal surgery training and patient safety: dissonance in an era of quality reporting.. Colorectal Disease. 2013. doi:10.1111/codi.12235.
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  70. M Cho, N Demian, B Moxley, P Craig. Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Complication Rates at a Major Teaching Hospital: A 9-Year Retrospective Review. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial …. 2025. doi:10.1016/j.joms.2025.02.011 PMID:40096858.
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  71. KR Aibel, T Truong, RL Shammas, EH Cho…. Assessing the effort associated with teaching residents. Journal of Plastic …. 2017. doi:10.1016/j.bjps.2017.07.014.
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  72. O Hyder, T Sachs, A Ejaz, G Spolverato…. Impact of hospital teaching status on length of stay and mortality among patients undergoing complex hepatopancreaticobiliary surgery in the USA. Journal of Gastrointestinal …. 2013. doi:10.1007/s11605-013-2349-4 PMID:24072683.
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  73. CP Filson, HJ Tan, K Chamie, AA Laviana…. Determinants of radical cystectomy operative time. … Oncology: Seminars and …. 2016. doi:10.1016/j.urolonc.2016.05.006 PMID:27372282.
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  74. A Ussia, S Vaccari, G Gallo, U Grossi, R Ussia…. Laparoscopic appendectomy as an index procedure for surgical trainees: clinical outcomes and learning curve. Updates in Surgery. 2021. doi:10.1007/s13304-020-00950-z.
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  75. VA Tanavde, CR Razavi, LW Chen…. Predictive model of operative time in transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach. Head & …. 2021. doi:10.1002/hed.26581.
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  76. D Angel Garcia, I Martínez Nicolás…. Risk-adjustment models for clean and colorectal surgery surgical site infection for the Spanish health system. … Journal for Quality in …. 2020. doi:10.1093/intqhc/mzaa104.
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  77. O Bougie, SL Zuckerman, N Switzer, J How…. Influence of resident involvement in obstetrics and gynaecology surgery on surgical outcomes: systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Obstetrics and …. 2018. doi:10.1016/j.jogc.2017.10.035 PMID:30007802.
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  78. C Folsom, K Serbousek, W Lydiatt, K Rieke…. Impact of resident training on operative time and safety in hemithyroidectomy. Head & …. 2017. doi:10.1002/hed.24742.
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  79. AJ Papachristos, BPT Loveday, D Nestel. Learning in the operating theatre: a thematic analysis of opportunities lost and found. Journal of Surgical Education. 2021. doi:10.1016/j.jsurg.2020.11.007.
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  80. JD Bohnen, DC Chang, BC George. Operating room times for teaching and nonteaching cases are converging: less time for learning?. Journal of Surgical Education. 2021. doi:10.1016/j.jsurg.2020.06.029 PMID:32747319.
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  81. RA Gabriel, BD Fergerson, EY Brovman…. A retrospective analysis of the variability in case duration for aortic valve replacement and association with hospital facility types. … of Cardiothoracic and …. 2018. doi:10.1053/j.jvca.2017.06.039.
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  82. R Lavy, A Halevy, Y Hershkovitz. The effect of afternoon operative sessions of laparoscopic cholecystectomy performed by senior surgeons on the general surgery residency program: a comparative …. Journal of Surgical Education. 2015. doi:10.1016/j.jsurg.2015.03.017 PMID:25980825.
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  83. A Arambula, K Bonnet, DG Schlundt…. Patient opinions regarding surgeon presence, trainee participation, and overlapping surgery. The …. 2019. doi:10.1002/lary.27541 PMID:30582160.
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  84. BC Holland, N Patel, R Sulaver, B Stevenson, J Healey…. Resident impact on patient & surgeon satisfaction and outcomes: evidence for health system support for urology education. Urology. 2019. doi:10.1016/j.urology.2019.04.043.
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  85. A Wong, A Filimonov, YJ Lee, WD Hsueh…. The impact of resident and fellow participation in transsphenoidal pituitary surgery. The …. 2018. doi:10.1002/lary.27349 PMID:30151897.
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  86. CM Aisen, M James, DE Chung. The impact of teaching on fundamental general urologic procedures: do residents help or hurt?. Urology. 2018. doi:10.1016/j.urology.2018.05.044.
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  87. BL Vieira, DJ Hernandez, C Qin, SS Smith…. The impact of resident involvement on otolaryngology surgical outcomes. The …. 2016. doi:10.1002/lary.25046 PMID:26526707.
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  88. B Löppenberg, PJ Cheng, JM Speed, AP Cole…. The effect of resident involvement on surgical outcomes for common urologic procedures: a case study of uni-and bilateral hydrocele repair. Urology. 2016. doi:10.1016/j.urology.2016.03.045 PMID:27107625.
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  89. JC Meier, AK Remenschneider, ST Gray…. The impact of surgical trainee participation on sinus surgery outcomes. The …. 2016. doi:10.1002/lary.25504 PMID:26360316.
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  90. N Ruhotina, J Dagenais, G Gandaglia…. The impact of resident involvement in minimally-invasive urologic oncology procedures. Canadian …. 2014. doi:10.5489/cuaj.2170 PMID:25408800.
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  91. A Baessler, B Mullis, R Loder, K Corn…. Overlapping surgery for ankle fractures: is it safe?. Journal of Orthopaedic …. 2020. doi:10.1097/bot.0000000000001757.
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  92. TD Madni, E Barrios, JB Imran, L Taveras…. Prospective validation of the safety of a laparoscopic cholecystectomy training paradigm featuring incremental autonomy. The American Journal of …. 2019. doi:10.1016/j.amjsurg.2018.10.043.
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  93. T Wexner, A Rosales-Velderrain, SD Wexner…. Does implementing a general surgery residency program and resident involvement affect patient outcomes and increase care-associated charges?. The American Journal of …. 2017. doi:10.1016/j.amjsurg.2016.11.016 PMID:27889270.
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  94. AM Ilg, AA Laviana, M Kamrava, D Veruttipong…. Time-driven activity-based costing of low-dose-rate and high-dose-rate brachytherapy for low-risk prostate cancer. Brachytherapy. 2016. doi:10.1016/j.brachy.2016.08.008 PMID:27720202.
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  95. E Gifford, DY Kim, A Nguyen, AH Kaji, V Nguyen…. The effect of residents as teaching assistants on operative time in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The American Journal of …. 2016. doi:10.1016/j.amjsurg.2015.06.019 PMID:26343854.
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  96. M Sippey, K Spaniolas, ML Manwaring…. Surgical resident involvement differentially affects patient outcomes in laparoscopic and open colectomy for malignancy. The American Journal of …. 2016. doi:10.1016/j.amjsurg.2015.07.019 PMID:26601647.
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  97. M de Santibañes, FA Alvarez, E Sieling…. Postoperative complications at a university hospital: is there a difference between patients operated by supervised residents vs. trained surgeons?. … archives of surgery. 2015. doi:10.1007/s00423-014-1261-z PMID:25488860.
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  98. Y Arda, M Abiad, W Rafaqat, E Lagazzi…. Assessing the Impact of Resident Participation in Emergency General Surgery in the Older Adult Population. Journal of Surgical …. 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jsurg.2025.103626 PMID:40716253.
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  99. WT Quach, C Hennessy, CJ Lindsell…. Public perceptions and informational needs regarding surgical residents. Journal of surgical …. 2024. doi:10.1016/j.jsurg.2023.09.007 PMID:37852873.
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  100. LA Rausch, KG McKay, Y Liu, JC Walker…. The Kidney Transplant: Maintaining Excellent Outcomes While Increasing Skills Acquisition. Journal of Surgical …. 2023. doi:10.1016/j.jsurg.2023.08.013.
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  101. M Bouaziz, M Schlesinger, JJ Kang, G Kim. Incidence of postoperative week 1 management changes after resident-performed phacoemulsification cataract surgery. BMC ophthalmology. 2022. doi:10.1186/s12886-021-02238-1 PMID:34998368.
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  102. KJ Dickinson, BL Bass, EA Graviss, DT Nguyen…. Independent operating by general surgery residents: an ACS-NSQIP analysis. Journal of Surgical …. 2021. doi:10.1016/j.jsurg.2021.03.016 PMID:33879397.
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  103. BM Wojcik, JM Lee, T Peponis, N Amari…. Do not blame the resident: the impact of surgeon and surgical trainee experience on the occurrence of intraoperative adverse events (iAEs) in abdominal surgery. Journal of surgical …. 2018. doi:10.1016/j.jsurg.2018.07.020 PMID:30195664.
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  104. JP Fryer, EN Teitelbaum, BC George…. Effect of ongoing assessment of resident operative autonomy on the operating room environment. Journal of Surgical …. 2018. doi:10.1016/j.jsurg.2016.11.018 PMID:28363675.
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  105. DO Acheampong, P Paul, S Guerrier, P Boateng…. Effect of resident involvement on morbidity and mortality following thoracic endovascular aortic repair. Journal of Surgical …. 2018. doi:10.1016/j.jsurg.2018.04.012 PMID:29709469.
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  106. KT Jubbal, D Chang, SA Izaddoost, W Pederson…. Resident involvement in microsurgery: an american college of surgeons national surgical quality improvement program analysis. Journal of Surgical …. 2017. doi:10.1016/j.jsurg.2017.05.017 PMID:28606597.
    IF 1.7PDF
  107. KT Jubbal, A Echo, AJ Spiegel, SA Izaddoost. The impact of resident involvement in breast reconstruction surgery outcomes by modality: an analysis of 4,500 cases. Microsurgery. 2017. doi:10.1002/micr.30146 PMID:28543692.
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  108. N D'Souza, DA Hashimoto, K Gurusamy…. Comparative outcomes of resident vs attending performed surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of surgical …. 2016. doi:10.1016/j.jsurg.2016.01.002.
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  109. BM Wojcik, ZV Fong, MS Patel, DC Chang…. The resident-run minor surgery clinic: a pilot study to safely increase operative autonomy. Journal of Surgical …. 2016. doi:10.1016/j.jsurg.2016.08.016 PMID:27886972.
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  110. CB Allard, CP Meyer, G Gandaglia, SL Chang…. The effect of resident involvement on perioperative outcomes in transurethral urologic surgeries. Journal of Surgical …. 2015. doi:10.1016/j.jsurg.2015.04.012 PMID:26003818.
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  111. AM Tsigonis, J Landercasper, M Al-Hamadani…. Are breast cancer outcomes compromised by general surgical resident participation in the operation?. Journal of Surgical …. 2015. doi:10.1016/j.jsurg.2015.06.011 PMID:26188740.
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  112. RL Hoffman, EK Bartlett, RL Medbery, JV Sakran…. Outcomes registries: an untapped resource for use in surgical education. Journal of surgical …. 2015. doi:10.1016/j.jsurg.2014.08.014.
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  113. AE Fleischer, MC Yorath, RM Joseph, A Baron…. Impact of podiatry resident experience level in hallux valgus surgery on postoperative outcomes. Journal of Surgical …. 2014. doi:10.1016/j.jss.2014.03.005 PMID:24726058.
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  114. TM Hagopian, GA Vitiello, AM Hart, SD Perez…. Do medical students in the operating room affect patient care? an analysis of one institution's experience over the past five years. Journal of Surgical …. 2014. doi:10.1016/j.jsurg.2014.04.011 PMID:24931415.
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  115. A Nanashima, S Hidaka, T Nonaka, N Yamasaki…. Recruitment of Young Medical Apprentices (RYOMA) project: a comprehensive surgical education program at a local academic institute in Japan. Journal of surgical …. 2014. doi:10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2016.08.458.
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  116. RM Joseph, A Baron, T Nordquist. Impact of podiatry resident experience level in hallux valgus surgery on postoperative outcomes. journal of surgical research. 2014. doi:10.1016/j.jss.2014.03.005 PMID:24726058.
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  117. SI Schwartz, AT Yaghoubian, ID Andacheh…. Senior residents as teaching assistants during laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the 80-hour workweek era: effect on biliary injury and overall complication rates. Journal of Surgical …. 2013. doi:10.1016/j.jsurg.2013.09.011 PMID:24209658.
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  118. M Malyar, A Peymani, AR Johnson…. The impact of resident postgraduate year involvement in body-contouring and breast reduction procedures: a comprehensive analysis of 9638 patients. Annals of Plastic …. 2019. doi:10.1097/sap.0000000000001714 PMID:30628931.
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  119. RE Kreisler, SL Shaver…. Outcomes of elective gonadectomy procedures performed on dogs and cats by veterinary students and shelter veterinarians in a shelter environment. Journal of the American …. 2018. doi:10.2460/javma.253.10.1294 PMID:30398427.
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  120. BM Wojcik, ZV Fong, MS Patel, DC Chang…. Structured operative autonomy: an institutional approach to enhancing surgical resident education without impacting patient outcomes. Journal of the American …. 2017. doi:10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2017.08.015 PMID:28882683.
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  121. EK Greenleaf, F Aziz, CS Hollenbeak. Operative autonomy among senior surgical trainees during infrainguinal bypass operations is not associated with worse long-term patient outcomes. Annals of Vascular Surgery. 2017. doi:10.1016/j.avsg.2016.09.005.
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  122. MD Whealon, MT Young, MJ Phelan…. Effect of resident involvement on patient outcomes in complex laparoscopic gastrointestinal operations. Journal of the American …. 2016. doi:10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2016.03.002 PMID:27095182.
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  123. A Chatterjee, B Pyfer, L Chen, B Czerniecki…. Resident and fellow participation in breast surgery: an American College of Surgeons NSQIP clinical outcomes analysis. Journal of the American …. 2015. doi:10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2015.08.008 PMID:26372636.
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  124. NR Teman, PG Gauger, PB Mullan, JL Tarpley…. Entrustment of general surgery residents in the operating room: factors contributing to provision of resident autonomy. Journal of the American …. 2014. doi:10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2014.04.019 PMID:25158911.
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  125. RW Krell, NJO Birkmeyer, BN Reames…. Effects of resident involvement on complication rates after laparoscopic gastric bypass. Journal of the American …. 2014. doi:10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2013.10.014 PMID:24315885.
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  126. H Hoffmann, S Dell-Kuster, J Genstorfer, O Heizmann…. Impact of tutorial assistance in laparoscopic sigmoidectomy for acute recurrent diverticulitis. Surgery today. 2014. doi:10.1007/s00595-013-0790-3.
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  127. L Chen, PW Marcello, DJ Schoetz Jr…. Morbidity and Mortality in Patients Undergoing Colorectal Surgery Differs by Surgical Trainee Level. Journal of the American …. 2014. doi:10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2014.07.033.
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  128. PJ O'Brien, MW Cox, CK Shortell…. Risk factors for early failure of surgical amputations: an analysis of 8,878 isolated lower extremity amputation procedures. Journal of the American …. 2013. doi:10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2012.12.041 PMID:23521969.
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  129. ME Sebai, RJ Bello, SD Lifchez…. The effect of resident involvement on postoperative short-term surgical outcomes in immediate breast reconstruction: a national surgical quality improvement program …. Plastic and …. 2017. doi:10.1097/PRS.0000000000003346 PMID:28538553.
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  130. SW Jordan, LM Mioton, J Smetona…. Resident involvement and plastic surgery outcomes: an analysis of 10,356 patients from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement …. Plastic and …. 2013. doi:10.1097/PRS.0b013e3182818bdd PMID:23249982.
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  131. C Burden, R Fox, K Hinshaw, TJ Draycott…. Laparoscopic simulation training in gynaecology: current provision and staff attitudes–a cross-sectional survey. Journal of Obstetrics …. 2016. doi:10.3109/01443615.2015.1060199 PMID:26491789.
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  132. TG Johnson, WB Hooks III, A Adams…. Safety and efficacy of laparoscopic access in a surgical training program. Surgical Laparoscopy …. 2016. doi:10.1097/sle.0000000000000218 PMID:26600276.
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  133. SP Parikh, EC Szczech, RC Castillo…. Prospective analysis of laparoscopic cholecystectomies based on postgraduate resident level. Surgical Laparoscopy …. 2015. doi:10.1097/sle.0000000000000208 PMID:26632921.
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  134. MK Soliman, AJ Tammany. Teaching and training surgeons in robotic colorectal surgery. Clinics in Colon and Rectal …. 2021. doi:10.1055/s-0041-1729861 PMID:34504401.
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  135. F Kawano, S Munakata, K Tashiro…. Knowledge survey regarding blast wound education of student doctors at a local academic medical university in Japan. Turkish journal of …. 2022. doi:10.47717/turkjsurg.2022.5537 PMID:35873749.
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  136. T Huber, F Hüttl, B Braun, B Blank, S Schierholz, T Fritz…. Fridays for future!–All days for surgery!. Der Chirurg. 2022.
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  137. UK Kjerkegaard, LB Stolle. Excision of nonmelanoma skin cancer by a resident: how safe is it?. European Journal of Plastic Surgery. 2013. doi:10.1007/s00238-013-0886-4.
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  138. D Neuman, Z Grzebieniak. Surgical site infection–the authors' own prospective research. Polish Journal of Surgery. 2014. doi:10.2478/pjs-2014-0005 PMID:24578451.
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  139. D Lutrin, H Etheredge, J Fabian, C Bouter…. Patient perceptions of surgical training in the private sector in South Africa-a single centre survey. South African Journal of …. 2022. doi:10.17159/2078-5151/2022/v60n1a3556.
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  140. E Spaziani, AR Di Filippo, S Orelli, O Tintisona…. The influence of residents in the outcome of elective laparoscopic surgery: a prospective study comparing a teaching hospital and a private community hospital …. Clin Ter. 2017.
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  141. RA Alsayed, N Dayoub. Operator Experience and Patient's Morbidity in Cesarean Section Deliveries.. Bahrain Medical Bulletin. 2019.
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  142. S Jha, VC Jha, S Jha, JB Singh. The Impact of the First Assistant's Experience on the Perioperative Outcome of Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Hysterectomies for Benign Diseases: A …. Journal of Gynecologic …. 2025. doi:10.1089/gyn.2024.0080.
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  143. N Reitsma, SHJ Choi, GK Yang - JVS-Vascular Insights, 2025 - Elsevier. Impact of vascular resident involvement on operative variables and outcomes in endovascular aneurysm repair. JVS-Vascular Insights. 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jvsvi.2025.100230.
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  146. AC Quiroga-Centeno, K Hoyos-Rizo…. Early mesh infection in incisional herniorrhaphy. Incidence, risk factors, and outcomes in more than 60,000 patients. Rev Colomb …. 2022.
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  2. D Bos, CB Allard, S Dason, V Ruzhynsky…. Impact of resident involvement in endoscopic bladder cancer surgery on pathological outcomes. … Journal of Urology. 2016. doi:10.3109/21681805.2016.1163616 PMID:27045233.
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  3. MW Vetterlein, T Seisen, B Löppenberg…. Resident involvement in radical inguinal orchiectomy for testicular cancer does not adversely impact perioperative outcomes-a retrospective study. Urologia …. 2017. doi:10.1159/000448596 PMID:27577733.
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  4. H Tranchart, JC Aurégan, M Gaillard…. Évaluation des compétences techniques des internes de chirurgie ophtalmologique, orthopédique et digestive français: état actuel et perspectives. Journal Français d' …. 2015. doi:10.1016/j.jfo.2015.03.008 PMID:26343276.
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